2021 Canadian Housing Survey

Final results from the Canadian Housing Survey, 2018 (Statistics Canada)

First results from the Canadian Housing Survey, 2018 (Statistics Canada)

Canadian Housing Survey: A Profile of first-time Homebuyers, 2018 (Statistics Canada)

The 2018 Canadian Housing Survey microdata file (Statistics Canada)

Canadians’ satisfaction with their housing: Highlights from the 2018 Canadian Housing Survey (Statistics Canada)

Understanding Canadian Households Self-Reported Sense of Social Inclusion — The Social Inclusion Index (PDF)

The Social Inclusion Index was derived using data collected from Statistics Canada’s 2018 Canadian Housing Survey. After consultations with various experts, we identified 5 dimensions of inclusion relevant to housing policies. They are:

• dwelling satisfaction
• neighbourhood satisfaction
• satisfaction with feeling part of the community
• sense of safety
• economic hardship

The Social Inclusion Index was calculated as a weighted average of the 5 dimensions.

Findings include:

• Households in core housing need have a lower Index score, on average, than households not in core housing need.
• Households living in larger dwellings and less populated areas tend to have, on average, higher Index scores.
• Higher income and better mental health outcomes are positively associated with higher Index scores.

Understanding Neighbourhood Income Mixing in Canadian Cities (PDF)

The objective of the Indicators of Neighbourhood Income Mixing Project is to develop income-based measures of social mixing designed to measure the diversity of income levels. Income mixing is measured across neighbourhoods and multi-unit apartment buildings. The linkage to Canadian Housing Survey responses offers a new opportunity to examine the relationship between income mixing and policy relevant outcomes, such as dwelling and neighbourhood satisfaction.

3 different measures appeared to be good candidates:

• the dissimilarity index
• the information theory index
• the divergence index

Each measure was then applied using geographically detailed income data derived from tax records.

Findings include:

• The divergence index most effectively describes income sorting across and within neighbourhoods.
• When it comes to understanding income mixing at the local level, 3 factors appeared to be important. They are the sorting of households:
  • across census tracts
  • across dwelling types within census tracts
  • across apartment buildings in these same census tract-based neighbourhoods
• In all Canadian census metropolitan areas, the sorting of households across census tracts represented the main source, among the 3 studied, of income mixing. This means that poor and richer households tend to be concentrated in different neighbourhoods. This implies less income mixing at the CMA level.

Historical tax information in the Canadian Housing Survey database (PDF)

The Canadian Housing Survey datasets will help inform our policies on appropriate housing supports and contribute to the evaluation of housing outcomes. For the past 10 years, administrative tax data has been used to derive income and housing mobility information for households. The data are accessible through Statistics Canada Research Data Centres. Information on income and place of residence between 2008 and 2018 will be made available.

The Historical Data of Income and Spatial Mobility Project, will:

• facilitate understanding of housing transitions
• the incidence of chronic movers
• Canadian Housing Survey respondents’ historical income trends

Understanding how close Canadians live to key services and amenities: The Proximity Measures Database (PDF)

Through the National Housing Strategy, key approaches for measuring and monitoring social inclusion in Canada were examined. One of the key dimensions identified was the physical accessibility to services and amenities. To address this, CMHC commissioned Statistics Canada to develop the first national Proximity Measures Database.

The Proximity Measures Database (Statistics Canada) will help us understand how close Canadians live to:

• employment
• transit
• childcare centres
• grocery stores
• health services (including hospitals)
• libraries
• pharmacies
• primary and secondary schools
• municipal parks

Findings:

• All the measures constructed were produced as proximity to multiple points of service provision. They took into account the size of services at these multiple points.
• Residents of CMAs are more likely to live very close to key services and amenities than residents from CAs and rural areas.
• Residents of Quebec, Ontario and British Columbia seem to be more likely to live in closer proximity to services and amenities.