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Housing needs and conditions

Research to understand the housing continuum with a focus on underserved population needs.

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Too many Canadians experience challenges finding housing that is affordable and meets their needs. This research helps uncover the challenges faced by people and communities in housing need. The knowledge and insights gathered help develop more inclusive and affordable housing solutions. This research fills a knowledge gap identified in the National Housing Strategy.

Our team of researchers analyzes housing needs and conditions that are influenced by institutional and systemic factors. These factors play a significant role in housing needs within underserved populations. We examine these issues on both regional and national scales. This research focuses on the housing needs and conditions of priority groups outlined in the National Housing Strategy. We’re continually developing new data, knowledge and insights to:

  • more fully understand the current situation and develop meaningful solutions
  • inform housing policy and program development
  • provide timely and detailed information on the distinct needs of vulnerable groups

Core housing need for underserved populations

These reports take a closer look at the housing needs and conditions of key populations who face barriers in accessing stable and affordable housing.

Our objective is to identify effective policy and program measures. These include international best practices to address the needs of vulnerable populations.

  • Barriers to Housing Affordability in Land Use Planning Systems
  • Indigenous Housing Needs and Conditions
  • Analyzing Access to Opportunities, Sociodemographic Differences and Impacts on Quality of Life in a Racialized Neighbourhood
  • Moving Insights: Encampments, Hotels and Cooperatives
  • Systemic Barriers Framework: Understanding barriers to accessing and staying in housing in Canada’s housing system
  • Characteristics of Individuals in Persistent Core Housing Need
  • Core Housing Need Transitions of Racialized Communities in Canada
  • Transitions Into and Out of Core Housing Need
  • The Effect of Ethnic Clustering on Immigrants' Earnings
  • Addressing the Housing Needs of Refugee Families
  • Senior Households in Core Housing Need: A Comparison Between Urban and Rural Areas in Canada
  • 2SLGBTQIA+ Communities
  • Newcomers and Government Assisted Refugees
  • People with Developmental Disabilities
  • Racialized Individuals and Communities
  • Veterans
  • Youth Exiting Care
  • Youth Households Living in Core Housing Need
  • Recent Refugee Housing Conditions in Canada (2016 Census Data)
  • Housing Conditions of Female-led Households
  • Housing Conditions of Visible Minority Households
  • Senior Households Living in Core Housing Need in Canada
  • Women and Housing — Identifying Themes
  • Housing Conditions of Persons with Disabilities
  • Case Studies of Sector Initiatives to Meet Accessible Housing Needs
  • Looking at Affordable Housing Through a Gender Lens 2018

Renters, rental housing and evictions

This research examines the rental market to provide insight into trends in renters' experiences, rental housing affordability and the impact of evictions.

  • Evictions in Canada: Links between evictions and homelessness
  • Evictions in Canada: Inequities in health among groups at higher risk of evictions
  • Evictions in Canada: Populations experiencing vulnerabilities
  • Towards understanding the magnitude of evictions in Canada
  • CMHC 2023 Landlord Survey in Québec
  • Responses to Rental Inquiries in Canada: Does the Profile Matter?
  • Denied Renting: Lived Experiences of Rental Discrimination
  • Lived Experiences of Eviction in Canada
  • Evictions: Focus on Seniors and Older Adults
  • New Rental Data to Assess Housing Needs
  • Evictions: New Typologies and Analysis for the Canadian Landscape
  • Is Rental Housing Affordable to Low-Income Households?
  • The Impact of Rent Control on Housing Affordability
  • Affordability of Rental Housing in Census Metropolitan Areas (CMAs)

Core housing need analysis

These reports provide insight into housing affordability, adequacy, needs and conditions with a focus on National Housing Strategy populations.

  • Estimating Annual and Long-Term Flows In and Out of Core Housing Need
  • Housing Instability: Observations in Canada
  • Healthy Homes Adequacy Standard
  • Labour Market Outcomes and Incomes of Households in Core Housing Need
  • House Price and Income Inequality in Canada
  • Link Between Intergenerational Income Mobility and the Housing Market
  • Introducing the Housing Hardship Concept
  • Measuring Outcomes of Affordable Housing
  • Socio Economic Inequalities in Housing Issues: Measurement and Beyond
  • Are Condominium Units With 3 or More Bedrooms Scarce?
  • Public Land Transfer Practices for Affordable Housing in Canada
  • Defining the Affordability of Housing in Canada
  • Income Support in Relation to Housing in Canada
  • North at Home: Understanding Housing Conditions in Northern Ontario

Related information:

  • Social Inclusion Index
  • Neighbourhood Income Mixing
  • Historical tax information
  • Proximity Measures Database
  • Core Housing Need Data
  • Seniors Data
  • Youth Data
  • Indigenous Housing Data

Subscribe to CMHC’s Housing Updates. You’ll be the first in line to receive our newsletter and up-to-date information on the latest in housing research and innovations and more.

Visit our Housing Knowledge Centre for historical reports or to browse our entire collection.


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Date Published: October 12, 2023

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